Kubatsira New Energy Grid Connection

 

Kugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi matsva, kunomiririrwa nemhepo uye simba rezuva, kunoratidza kuchinja kukuru kwekubuda kwemagetsi uye kusava nechokwadi. Zvese zviri zviviri mhepo uye simba rezuva zvinobuda zvinokanganiswa zvakananga nemamiriro ekunze emamiriro ekunze, anokonzeresa kuburitsa simba spikes kana madonhwe, zvichiunza matambudziko kune grid yekubatanidza frequency yesimba remagetsi.

Nekuda kwekuchinja-chinja kwemagetsi uye kuomesesa kwemaitiro egidhi, pasi pemamiriro akajairwa epakati-pamwero wepakati pekubatanidza grid kana kubuda kwemagetsi zvisina tsarukano, kutenderera kwemagetsi kungangoitika, zvichizotungamira kugadzikana kwesimba remagetsi. Izvi zvinokanganisa kuremerwa uye kuita kwemagadzirirwo emagetsi matsva akarongwa munzvimbo yakakura, izvo zvinoda kukwana kuchengetedza simba muhurongwa kudzivirira kugona kubatanidza masosi emagetsi matsva, izvo zvakakosha pakuita zvese kuronga uye kubudirira kwehupfumi.

Kubatanidzwa kwesimba rekuchengetera magetsi uye manyowani emagetsi kunonyanya kutarisisa zvinhu zvitatu: Chekutanga, nekuburitsa grid-level mitoro munguva pfupi, inogonesa 10-maminiti-kudzorwa kwechikamu chegetsi yemagetsi, kuderedza-kuchinja kwechinguva uye kushandisa zvizere simba rekubatanidza kune simba idzva riripo. Chechipiri, nekugadzira maminetsi-zvirongwa zvechikamu zvinosanganisira fungidziro yekubuda kwesimba idzva, uye zvichibva pa-nguva pfupi yezuva{8}}yekufanotaura kwekugadzirwa kwemagetsi, zvinonyatso batanidza manyuko esimba matsva mukufanotaura kwesimba kunowedzera{{9}kupfupi{11}}kwenguva pfupi. Izvi zvinonatsiridza mashandisirwo emagetsi uye kurongwa kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogadzira mukati megedhi, zvinoderedza kudiwa kwezvishandiso zvinokurumidza kudzora mafambisirwo emagetsi, zvinowedzera huchokwadi nekudzikama kwefungidziro yegridi, uye kugadzika zvishoma zvishoma-kushanduka-shanduka kwemamiriro ezvinhu emagetsi matsva, zvichideredza kushanda kwemazuva ose mashandiro emagetsi emazuva ose.

Peak Shaving uye Mupata Kuzadza

Zvichienzaniswa neyakajairwa kugadzirwa kwemagetsi, kugadzirwa kwesimba renewable kune mwero wakaderera wekushandisa wemidziyo yayo kana mayunitsi. Tichitora "Maodzanyemba Matatu" dunhu renyika yangu semuenzaniso, zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwemhepo, mukana wekubuda kwemhepo yepurazi inodarika makumi matanhatu muzana yehuwandu hwayo hwakaisirwa huzhinji husingasviki 5%. Kunatsiridza mashandisirwo etambo, kuronga kwesimba kwetambo kazhinji kunovavarira kuzadzisa 95% yezvinodiwa zvekufambiswa kwemagetsi emhepo kana 60% yehuwandu hwakaiswa hwemapurazi emhepo. Mamiriro acho akanyanya kuoma kune photovoltaics. Naizvozvo, imwe muzana yesimba remhepo inodzikiswa nekuda kwekusakwana kwekufambiswa kwemagetsi, uye simba rezuva richadzikiswa nekuda kwekusaenderana (anti-peak-maitiro ekuveura).

Kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi rinovandudzwa, nekushanduka-shanduka kwenguva yakareba-paawa imwe neimwe zuva rose, uye kusvika kwepamusoro pekudiwa kwemagetsi manheru (kazhinji 7-10 PM), kuchawedzera simba rekukwira nekudzika kwesisitimu. Simba remhepo, kune rumwe rutivi, rinowanzosvika pakubuda kwakazara pakati pehusiku, kana mutoro wacho uri padanho rakaderera rezuva. Naizvozvo, kubvisa kusavimbika mukufanotaura kugadzirwa kwesimba rinogoneka, zvese gidhi remagetsi uye mayuniti akajairika anogadzira anofanirwa kuve nenjodzi dzakakura dzine chekuita nekuveura kwakadzika kwepamusoro.

Peak shaving nekuzadzwa kwemupata kunoshandisa nguva-kuchinja maitiro ekuchengetedza simba kuwedzera tambo yekufambiswa kwetambo, kuderedza kukosha kwekuenderana nemafambisirwo ekutakura, uye kuderedza kudiwa kwekuwedzera nekudzikira kwesimba kubva kumagetsi emazuva ese anogadzira.

Nekupfupisa yakapihwa zuva nezuva remedu curve P_l neinovandudzwa simba rekugadzira remagetsi rinobuda curve P_{NE}, tinokwanisa kuwana yekupedzisira system yakaenzana mutoro curve ∑P_i, kureva, ∑P_i=P_l - P_{NE}. Zvisineyi, tichifunga nezvemitemo yezvinobuda zvemagetsi emagetsi ekare uye peak-magetsi ekugera, uye simba repamusoro P_L iro tambo yekubatanidza yedunhu inogona kutumira kana kuwana kune grid rekunze, simba rinonyanya kushanda P_{max} regridi-mayuniti akabatana ndeiyi:

P_{max}=μ(P_f + P_b + P_L) (3-3)

Kupi:

nzvimbo chete yauchawana kunze kwemba

 

 

• P_f-Maximum output power of peak-mayuniti ekugera;
• P_b-Minimum goho remayuniti asingakwanise kutora chikamu mukuveura ndebvu;
• μ-Gridhi kutapurirana uye kushanda zvakanaka.

Mufomula, C inomiririra simba rekubuda regulation coefficient yepeak-shaving unit. Hukama hwemasimba hunoratidzwa mumufananidzo.

Simba repasi rinoshanda P_{min} regridi{1}mayuniti akabatana ndeiyi:

Munguva yekuremerwa kwakadzikira t₁–t₂, simba rekudzika pasi rakachengetwa nepamusoro penguva dzose-mayuniti ekuveura ndiwo simba guru rinogonekazve simba P'_{NE} iro grid rinogona kubvuma panguva ino, kureva, P'{NE}=P{max} - P_{min} P_maminitsi P_ kunze kwesimba rinobuda (3{5-min) renewable simba rekugadzira panguva t₁–t₂ inogona kuwanikwa chete kuburikidza nemhepo / solar curtailment).

Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti pasina simba rekuchengetedza simba, simba rekugadzirisa simba panguva ye t₁–t₂ rinogona kugumira; zvisinei, nekuchengetedza simba, kuchaja panguva yet₁–t₂ uye kuburitsa panguva yet₃–t₄ inoshandura iyo inoshanda yakaenzana mutoro curve ∑P_i mukati mehupamhi hweP_{min} neP_{max}, kudzivirira kudzoreredzwa kwekubuda kwesimba uye mhepo/solar kudzikiswa, kuvandudza kudiwa kwesimba rinodzokororwa, kuvandudza simba rekudzoreredza, kuvandudza simba rekudzoreredza, kuvandudza simba rekudzoreredza. zvakazara maitiro ehurongwa. Simba P_{BESS} reBESS (Battery Energy Storage System) ndere:
P_{BESS}=yakawanda( P_{min} - ∑P_{min}, ∑P_{max} - ∑P_{max} ) (3-6)
Simba E_{BESS} reBESS ndeiyi:

E_{BESS}=max{ μ_c ∫{t₁}^{t₂} (P{min} - ∑P_i) dt , 1/μ_d ∫{t₃}^{t₄} (∑P_i - 3} P{max}

Kupi:

 

• μ_c -- Kuchaja kunyatsoshanda kwesimba rekuchengetedza simba;
• μ_d -- Kuburitsa kugona kwesimba rekuchengetedza sisitimu.

Imwe tsvakiridzo nenzira yakakura inoratidza kuti panhongonya dzemitoro nemipata dzinowanzorebeswa, kugadzira sisitimu yekuchengetera simba reimwe nzvimbo kunogona kudzikisira zvine mutsindo-mutsauko wemupata, sezvinoratidzwa pamufananidzo.

Kuvandudzwa kwemutoro wepamusoro-musiyano wemupata ndewekuti:

• Apo P_imaxndiwo mutoro mukuru unotarisirwa;
• P_imaxndiwo mutoro unotarisirwa zvishoma.

Iyo simba rekuchengetedza system yekumisikidza nzira yakafanana neyekare uye haizodzokororwe.

Vandudza kufanotaura chokwadi

Zvinoenderana neNBT32011-2013 "Technical Requirements for Power Prediction System of Photovoltaic Power Station", mudzi wemhosho yeskweya yeshomeka{4}}yenguva pfupi munguva yekugadzira magetsi echiteshi chemagetsi chephotovoltaic (kusingabatanidzi nguva dzine simba shoma) inofanira kuva isingasviki 0.15, uye mwero wepamwedzi wakapfuura 80% unofanirwa kuva mukuru kupfuura 80% pamwedzi. mudzi wemhosho yeskweya yeawa yechina yekufungidzira kwenguva pfupi inofanira kunge iri pasi pe0.1, uye mwero wepamwedzi wokupasa unofanira kuva mukuru kudarika 85%.

Zvinoenderana ne "Interim Measures for the Administration of Wind Farm Power Forecasting and Early Warning", kukanganisa kukuru kwezuva nezuva kwemhepo yepurazi haifaniri kudarika 25%, chaiyo-kukanganisa kwekufanotaura nguva haifaniri kudarika 15%, uye mudzi wemhosho yeskweya yekufungidzira kwezuva rose ichave isingasviki 20%.

 

Mafungiro enguva pfupi-neyekupedzisira-yenguva pfupi{2}}anopa ruzivo rwekufanotaura panguva dzemaminitsi gumi nemashanu. Nokudaro, kubudiswa kwemasimba matsva emagetsi kunogona kupatsanurwa uye kudzorwa pamaminitsi gumi nemashanu, nezvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe nematanhatu zvekutonga zuva rose. Iyo inotenderwa yekudzora kukanganisa bandwidth ΔP inosimbiswa zvichienderana neyakakura inotenderwa kukanganisa mune yakakodzera kufanotaura kwehunyanzvi hunyanzvi. Sezvinoratidzwa muMufananidzo 3-8, P (1) uye Pe (2) ndiwo maitiro emagetsi akafanotaurwa ekutanga neyechipiri maminetsi gumi nemashanu, zvichiteerana, nepo AP iri iyo inotenderwa kukanganisa bandwidth, yakaiswa ku15% yesimba rakaiswa resimba idzva rekugadzira simba.

Yenguva pfupi-kushanduka kwekuchinja kwemagetsi matsva

Iyo pfupi-yero yenguva yekuchinja kwesimba idzva rekugadzira magetsi inofanirawo kuzadzisa zvinodiwa pakugadzikana kwegadziriro yemagetsi. Ikozvino miganho yegetsi yesimba rinoshanda rekuchinja kwesimba idzva-yakabatana kugadzira magetsi inoratidzwa mutafura iri pasi apa.

Mukushanda kwesimba rekutsvedzerera, BESS (Power Equipped Element System) inoshandiswa kuchengeta nekuburitsa kugadzirwa kwesimba remagetsi, kudzvanyirira maminiti-kuchinja kwesimba mugiridhi resimba rinogonekazve{1}}yakabatana. Izvi zvinogonesa kuti iyo yakasanganiswa inobuda P kuchinjika kwesimba rekuchengetedza PBEss (Simba Element System) uye renewable simba Pv (Simba V) rinosangana nezvataurwa pamusoro pehunyanzvi zvinodiwa, nenguva yekudzora nguva yakanyanya kuiswa kune 1 miniti. Nekudaro, kusiyana nemaalgorithms anonatsiridza kufanotaura chokwadi, nzira iyi inonyanya kutarisana nekuchinja kwesimba kwesimba rinogoneka kubuda. Naizvozvo, pakusarudza simba rakayerwa reBESS, sampuli yedata yekuongorora nhamba nekuongorora zvingangoitika ichava miniti-level ne10-miniti-level yekuchinja kwesimba rekubuda kwesimba rinogonekazve.

Simba uye kugona dhizaini yeBESS inogona kuramba yakavakirwa pahuwandu hwehuwandu hwekuchinja kwesimba rakapfuura uye shanduko yekuwedzera mukushandiswa kwesimba, ichivavarira kusangana nezvinodiwa mukutsvedzerera mu80% kusvika 90% yemakesi. Izvi hazvidzokororwe pano. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti simba rekuchinja renji rinosangana nezvinodiwa pamusoro apa, maviri makuru BESS simba rekudzora algorithms anoshandiswa:

• Imwe ipfungwa-ne{1}}nzira yekuganhura;
• Imwe yacho ndeye-nzira yekusefa yekupasa.

Pongedza-ne-nzira yekugumira

 

Tichitora mufananidzo semuenzaniso, nhamba inoratidza kuenzanisa kukuru pakati pesimba idzva rinobuda P_ne(j) panguva j uye zvakabatanidzwa kubuda P(J-n) mumaminetsi gumi apfuura. Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti pane imwe nguva (j-3), ndiko kuti, kuchinja pakati peP(j-3) naP_ne(j) ndiyo hombe, uye inodarika inodarika maminetsi gumi. Kuenzanisa kunoratidza kuti △P₁₀.

Naizvozvo, kuti usangane negumi-maminetsi emagetsi ekuchinja, iyo inobuda huwandu hweBESS (yakanaka yekuchaja, isina kunaka yekuburitsa) ndeiyi:

Nzira yekusefa yakaderera{{0}kupfuura

 

Zvichienderana nemusimboti wekusefa mukugadzirisa masaini, sezviri kuratidzwa pamufananidzo, iyo yakaderera-pass sefa inoita kuti inobuda ipfave nekuwedzera kana kubvisa makuriro echiratidzo chekuisa. Saizvozvo, kuwana kweBESS kuchaita zvakare kutsetseka kwekuchinja kwesimba rinobuda reiyo simba remagetsi chiteshi kuburikidza nekuchaja kwayo uye kuburitsa kutonga, kuitira kuti isangane nezvinodiwa zvehunyanzvi zvinodiwa.

Hukoshi hunotarisirwa hwegridi yese-simba rakabatana ∑P\\sum P∑P rinopihwa ne:

Discretize iyo data, uko t ndiyo nguva yekutonga, uye isu tinotora 1 miniti:

∑P(j)=(τ / (τ + t)) * ∑P(j-1) + (t / (τ + t)) * P_ne(j)

Yakapihwa ∑P(j)=P_ne(j) - P_bess(j)

P_bess(j)=(τ / (τ + t)) * (P_ne(j) - ∑P(j-1))

P_bess(j)=(τ / (τ + t)) * (∑P(j) - ∑P(j-1))

Zvinoenderana negridi{{0}yakabatana magetsi ekuchinja-chinja zvinodiwa, miniti-kushanduka kwechikamu che ∑P(j)inofanirwa kugutsa:

|∑P(j) - ∑P(j-1)| Zvishoma pane kana kuenzana nemaminiti(ΔP_i, 0.1 P_0)

Kutsiva formula yekuverenga yeP_bess(j) tinowana: