Battery Energy Storage Systemsshanda nekushandura magetsi kuita makemikari anogona uye kudzoreredza iyo nzira painodiwa kuburikidza neakabatana maassemblies e lithium-ion cells, power conversion hardware, thermal regulation equipment, and supervisory control software - zvinofanirwa kushanda mukati mezvinoshivirira zvakanyanya kudarika zvingambotaurwa neprojekti inopenya. Dambudziko chairo harisi kuvaka yuniti imwe chete inoshanda asi kuronga zviuru zvemasero ega ega kuti aite seyakabatana sisitimu uku uchibata kukundikana modhi dzinounganidza zvakapetwa pane yega rack, module yega yega, yega weld joint. Aya magadzirirwo anosimbisa grid kugadzikana mumakondinendi matatu kwete nekuti injiniya iri nyore - haisi iyo yechokwadi - asi nekuti inovandudzwa nguva nenguva inoda chimwe chinhu chinokwanisa kutora generation yakasara na2 PM uye kuibaya na7 PM panobuda solar uye munhu wese abatidza air conditioning yake panguva imwe chete.
Dambudziko rekuenzanisa sero hapana anotsanangura nemazvo
Hezvino izvo zvausingaudzwe nemapepa: mamiriro ekuchajisa kusapindirana kwe10% chete munhevedzano{{1}maseru akabatana anogona kuvharira 20% yenzvimbo yako yezita rezita. Makumi maviri muzana. Pakuisa 100 MWh iyo 20 MWh yawakabhadhara asi haugone kuwana.
Iyo fizikisi hairegereri. Kana maseru ari mutambo asvika machaji akasiyana - uye anogara achidaro, pakupedzisira - sero risina kusimba rinoraira maitiro ehurongwa. Munguva yekubuda, iyo sero isina simba inorova yayo cutoff voltage kutanga uye inomisa tambo yese. Panguva yekuchajisa, sero rakasimba rinozadza pekutanga uye rinomanikidza kuvhara apo vavakidzani varo vanogara nepakati-vasina chinhu. Battery Energy Storage System yako inova nhapwa kune yakaipisisa-chikamu chayo chisingashande.
LFP chemistry inoita kuti izvi zvinyanye kuipa munzira dzinobata vanhu vasina kungwarira. Iyo voltage curve inenge yakanyatso dzika pakati pe20% uye 80% mamiriro ekuchaja. Musiyano we 40 millivolt pamaterminal - ishoma pane ruzha mune mamwe masisitimu ekuyerwa - inogona kuvanza mukaha uri pakati pe96% ne38% chaiwo. Magetsi echinyakare{10}based balancing algorithms tarisa iyi flatline wobva wasiyana nazvo. Ivo vanogona chete kushanda munzvimbo dzemabvi kumusoro kwakanyanyisa uye kuzasi kwechaji curve uko voltage inopindura kune mamiriro ekuchaja shanduko.
Ndakapedza mavhiki matatu muna 2022 ndichibatsira chikwata chekomisheni kudzingirira nyaya yekugona kuita phantom pane chirongwa che50 MW muTexas. Iyo Battery Energy Storage Systems yakapfuura bvunzo dzese dzemagetsi. Macell acho aitaridzika zvakanaka ega ega. Zvakabuda mamodule matanhatu akavigwa mureki yechitatu akanga apinda mukusaenzana kusingaonekwe neBMS nekuti hapana anga aunza tambo yakakwana panguva yekutsva-. Iyo flat voltage dunhu yakavharira zvese kusvika tamhanya bvunzo yekugona uye takasvika 8% ipfupi nameplate.
Zvinoitwa neBMS chaizvo (uye hazviiti)
Mabhatiri manejimendi masisitimu anotengeswa sevanoziva zvese vanochengeta. Muchokwadi ivo vari kutarisisa michina ine akakosha mapofu makwapa.
BMS inoyera terminal voltage, ikozvino kuyerera, uye tembiricha munzvimbo dzakasiyana. Kubva pane izvi inofungidzira mamiriro emutero, kazhinji uchishandisa imwe musanganiswa wekuverenga coulomb uye voltage yekutarisa matafura. Kurongeka kunoenderana zvachose nekuti iwo matafura ekutarisa anofanana sei nemaseru ako chaiwo pasi pemamiriro ako chaiwo ekushanda - hunhu hunoputsika nekukurumidza kupfuura kubvumirwa nevatengesi.
Coulomb counting inounganidza zvikanganiso zvidiki nekutenderera kwese. Kuzviburitsa wega-mitengo inosiyana pakati pemaseru nezvinhu zvinoenderana nenhoroondo yetembiricha, zera, uye nzvimbo yekugadzira. Pasina periodic recalibration zviitiko zvinounza iyo paki kune inozivikanwa referensi nzvimbo, yako mamiriro ekubhadhara anofungidzira kudonha. Ndakaona masisitimu apo iyo SOC yakaratidzwa yakatsauka kubva pachokwadi negumi neshanu muzana mapoinzi mukati memwedzi misere yekushanda nekuti saiti haina kumbomhanyisa kutenderera kuzere. Iyo algorithm yakangoramba ichibatanidza zviyero zvazvino zvichipesana nereferensi iyo yakanga isisipo.
Mabasa ekudzivirira anoshanda zvirinani. Overvoltage uye undervoltage cutoffs, overcurrent limits, thermal shutdown thresholds - iyi miganho yakaoma inofamba kana kuyerwa kwadarika kwakaiswa. Simple. Kuvimbika. Zvakare zvakati zvisizvo, nekuti panguva yaunenge uchirova miganhu yedziviriro unenge watosimbisa maseru ako kupfuura akakodzera ekushandisa.
The thermal runaway chokwadi
Lithium{0}}sero rega rega rine simba rakachengetwa rinokonzera matambudziko kana simba iroro rikangobuda zvisingaite. Thermal runaway inoitika kana kupisa kwemukati kuchipfuura kugona kwesero kudzima kupisa, zvichikonzera exothermic reactions inoburitsa kupisa kwakawanda, izvo zvinokonzeresa kuita kwakawanda, izvo zvinoburitsa magasi anopisa, anogona kubatidza kana kuputika zvichienderana nemamiriro emukati.
Chiitiko cheArizona muna 2019 chakachinja hukama hweindasitiri nenjodzi iyi. Vanodzima moto vakadaira kumoto weBESS, vakasvika mugaba mushure mekuona pasina mirazvo yemoto, vakavhura gonhi kuti vaone mamiriro akaita zvinhu - uye gore rakawanda rehydrogen{3}rinopfuta rakawana pokubatidza. Kuputika kwakapinda muchipatara vana vekutanga vanopindura.
South Korea yakanga ine 23 yakasiyana-siyana yeBESS moto pakati pe2017 ne2019. Hurumende yakavhara masisitimu ekushanda munyika yose apo vatsvakurudzi vaishanda kuburikidza nekukundikana modes. Shanduko dzemagadzirirwo dzakatevera. Kuiswa kutsva kwaitevera mitemo yakasiyana. Uye ipapo mimwe moto yakaitika zvakadaro.
LFP chemistry inoderedza kupisa kwekutiza mukana uchienzaniswa neNMC. Iyo olivine crystal chimiro chakanyanya kugadzikana kupisa. Zviitiko zvakakundikana paawa imwe neimwe yegigawati{2}yakatumirwa zvadzikira ne97% pakati pa2018 na2023 maererano neongororo yeindasitiri. Asi "kuderedzwa mukana" hazvireve "kubviswa njodzi." Masystem eLFP achiri kubata moto. Zviitiko zvitatu mumwedzi gumi nembiri yapfuura zvaisanganisira makemikari zvinhu zvekutengesa zvakambotsanangura se "zvakachengeteka."
Kuongorora kwechokwadi: thermal runaway injodzi yemukati me lithium-ion storage pamwero. Dhizaini kuderedza kunobatsira. Spacing inobatsira. Kudzvinyirira masisitimu anobatsira. Detection systems inobatsira. Hapana chinobvisa mukana zvachose. Chero ani anokuudza zvakasiyana ari kutengesa chimwe chinhu.
Nei hurongwa hwako hwekutumira huchatsvedza
Makumi mashanu-zvipfumbamwe kubva muzana zvekutadza kweBESS kunoitika mukati memakore maviri ekutanga ekushanda, zvikuru kubva pasara-ye-nyaya dzehurongwa dzakatangwa panguva yekushanda. Huwandu hunofanirwa kutyisa vanogadzira chirongwa asi neimwe nzira hazviite.
Kutumira Battery Energy Storage Systems kuiswa kunosanganisira kuunza midziyo kubva kune vakawanda vatengesi - vatengesi vebhatiri, inverter vagadziri, controls integrators, HVAC makontrakta, nyanzvi dzekudzivirira moto - mumwe nomumwe achishanda maererano nehuwandu hwebasa rake, maitiro avo ekuedza, tsanangudzo yavo ye "yakakwana." Coordination kutadza ndiko mhedzisiro yekusavapo kwehasha manejimendi.
Ndakaona purojekiti ye40 MW muCalifornia yakagara isina basa kwemwedzi mitatu nekuti chibvumirano chekubatanidza chakauya mutengesi webhatiri asati apedza kutumira iyo BMS firmware. Macells akatanga kupera charge akamirira. Mumwe munhu akazopedzisira ahaya majenareta edhiziri kuti achajazve mabhatiri aivepo kuti achengete simba rinogonekazve. Hasha dzacho hadzina kurasika pamunhu upi noupi aibatanidzwa.
Kubatanidzwa kwekukurukurirana chete kunogona kupedza mavhiki ekugadzirisa matambudziko. Iyo simba manejimendi system inoda kutaura neBMS. BMS inoda kuzivisa kuSCADA. Iyo simba rekushandura system inoda mirairo kubva kune chirimwa controller. Imwe neimwe interface inoshandisa maprotocol anongoenderana nezviyero asi zvinoda kurongeka nekuti hapana vatengesi vaviri vanodudzira iwo zviyero zvakafanana.
Zvadaro pane thermal system verification. MaBattery Energy Storage Systems akaedza zvakakwana mumamiriro ekunze-mafekitari anodzorwa anoita zvakasiyana kana akaiswa panze munzvimbo dzine musiyano chaiwo wetembiricha. Kutonhodza kunogadzirwa zvichipesana nefungidziro-yakaipisisa. Chaiyo-kupisa kwepasi rose kunoenderana nemafambisirwo emabhasikoro asipo kusvika sisitimu yapinda mune zvekutengesa. Mukaha uripo pakati pemamiriro ekugadzira uye mamiriro ekushanda unongoonekwa mushure mekunge wapfuura nepo shanduko iri nyore.
Iyo EMS ndiyo iyo economics inosangana ne electrochemistry
Pagridi chiyero, iyo simba rekutonga system inosarudza kana kuiswa kunoita mari kana kuiparadza.
Iyo EMS inoronga kuchaja uye yekuburitsa mirairo zvichienderana nemamiriro egidhi, masiginecha emusika, fungidziro yechizvarwa chinogoneka, uye zvipingaidzo zvebhatiri. Inosarudza nguva yekutenga simba kubva kune grid pamitengo yakaderera uye nguva yekutengesa simba rakachengetwa panguva yepamusoro yekuda mahwindo. Inokwirisa pamatunhu akawanda emari panguva imwe chete - simba rekugadzirisa, frequency regulation, mari yekubhadhara, spinning reserve - imwe neimwe ine nguva yekupindura yakasiyana uye kusiyana kwakasiyana pakupfeka kwebhatiri.
Izvi zvinonzwika sedambudziko resoftware. Izvo zvakare zvakanyanya dambudziko re electrochemistry.
Kuchajiswa kwese-kunobvisa maseru. Mwero wekuderedzwa unoenderana netembiricha, kudzika kwekubuda, mutengo wekuchaja, uye nguva inoshandiswa munzvimbo dzakakwirira dzekuchaja. Mazano ekutengesa ane hukasha anotora mari ipfupi-yenguva pfupi anogona kuparadza zviri nyore-mutengo weasset wenguva nekukasira kupera simba. Nzira yekuchengetedza iyo inochengetedza Battery Energy Storage Systems inogona kusashanda zvakanaka mune zvehupfumi nekuti inosiya mari patafura.
Iyo optimization calculus inoshanduka zvichienderana newaranti mazwi. Yakawanda BESS waranti inokwana simba rese kuburikidza nekubuda sebasa rekutenderera kuverenga uye karenda nguva. Kushanda kupfuura iyo throughput limits voids coverage. Kushanda zvakanaka mukati memiganhu zvinoreva kuti wakatenga bhatiri rakawanda kupfuura rauri kushandisa. Iyo inotapira nzvimbo inotsamira pane zvibvumirano zvezvibvumirano izvo zvinosiyana pakati pekuisa, waranti vanopa, uye mazwi akataurirana.
Kuwana zvisizvo izvi kunoda mari chaiyo. Imwe ongororo yakaratidza flat voltage curves muLFP masisitimu anogona kuvanza nyaya dzekusaenzana dzinodonhedza $250,000 chinyararire pagore mukurasikirwa kwekuita - pachirongwa chimwe chete.
Iyo LFP inopesana neNMC tradeoff munhu wese anorerutsa
Hurukuro yeindasitiri inoda kumisa iyi seLFP yekuchengetedza yakamira, NMC yemotokari dzemagetsi. Chokwadi chakanyanya kuoma.
LFP inopa mamwe matenderera. Kuyedzwa kuSandia National Laboratories kwakaratidza maseru eLFP achidzikisira anosvika hafu nekukurumidza seNMC yakaenzana pasi pemamiriro akafanana eku bhasikoro. Iyo yakagadzika olivine chimiro inobata lithium intercalation ine shoma cathode kushushikana. Huwandu hunofungidzirwa hwehupenyu hwemabhasikoro hunobva pa3,000 kusvika ku6,000 kudzika kwakazara{{7}kwe-kubuda muropa tisati tasvika 80% yekuchengeta simba, mamwe masisitimu achitora gumi,{11}} zvishoma.
NMC inopa yakakwira simba density. Unogona kutakura mamwe kilowatt-maawa munzvimbo shoma uye huremu hushoma. Kune nharembozha izvi zvinonyanya kukosha. Kuchengetera kwakamira uko tsoka isiri iyo inonyanya kumanikidza, mukana wacho unodzikira.
Kuchembera kwekarenda kunobata ese machemistri. Mabhatiri anoderera nekufamba kwenguva zvisinei nekuti unoatenderedza. Kupisa kwakanyanya kunomhanyisa kuchembera kwekarenda. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzekuchaja dzinomhanyisa kuchembera kwekarenda. Maitiro ekusvibisa anosiyana pakati pemakemikari asi mhedzisiro inoshanduka: kurasikirwa kwesimba kunoitika kunyangwe bhatiri richishanda nesimba kana kugara risina basa.
Iyo yekupisa yekuchengetedza mukana weLFP ndeyechokwadi asi yakawedzera. Lower energy density inoreva kushomeka kwesimba rose rinowanikwa kuburitsa panguva yekutadza zviitiko. Iyo chemistry pachayo yakanyanya kugadzikana kupisa. Asi "kuchengetedzeka" hazvirevi "kuchengetedzeka." Kuiswa kwekugadzira kuchiri kukosha. Thermal management ichiri kukosha. Kuonekwa uye kudzvinyirirwa kuchiri kukosha.
Izvo zvisingawanzo kutaurwa: LFP's flat voltage curve inogadzira matambudziko ekugadzirisa bhatiri asipo neNMC. Iyo BMS haigone kushandisa voltage kufungidzira mamiriro echaji pakawanda yemhando yekushandisa. Kuenzanisa maalgorithms anoshanda zvakanaka kune NMC kurwisana neLFP. Hunhu humwe chetehwo hunovandudza hupenyu hwekutenderera hunoomesa fungidziro yehurumende.
Saiti yekugamuchirwa bvunzo inobata zvishoma pane yainofanira
Kuyedzwa kwefekitari kugamuchirwa kunosimbisa kuti michina inoshanda pasi pemamiriro ekudzora isati yatumirwa. Saiti yekugamuchirwa kuyedzwa inosimbisa kuti michina inoshanda mushure mekuiswa pasi pemamiriro chaiwo ekushanda. Zvose zvinodiwa. Uyewo hazvina kukwana.
Mukana uri pakati peFAT neSAT kupedzwa ndiko kunogara matambudziko. Zvishandiso zvakapfuura bvunzo dzefekitori zvinogona kutadza bvunzo dzesaiti nekuti chekufambisa chakakuvadza zvinhu zvinosiririsa. Zvikanganiso zvekuisa zvinogona kukanganisa masisitimu ainyatsoshanda pavakabuda mufekitori. Nyaya dzekudyidzana pakati pe-dzakaedzwa diki masisitimu dzinoonekwa chete kana zvese zvabatanidzwa pamwechete kekutanga.
Kunyangwe zvirongwa zveSAT zvakakwana zvine miganho yekuvhara. Iwe haugone kuyedza-makore kuvimbika mu-vhiki mbiri yekupa hwindo. Iwe haugone kutevedzera yega yega grid mamiriro ayo sisitimu ichasangana nayo pamusoro pehupenyu hwayo hwekushanda. Iwe unogona kuona kuti zvinhu zvinoshanda sekugadzirwa pasi pemamiriro ebvunzo. Iwe haugone kuona kuti dhizaini yacho yakakwana kune ese anogoneka mamiriro.
Analytics{{0}based commissioning iri kuwedzera kukwezvwa nemazvo nekuti bvunzo dzechinyakare dzinopotsa zvinhu. Ongororo yeStatistical pamasero ese anogona kuona ekunze anopasa bvunzo dzemagetsi asi anoratidza maitiro ane chekuita nekutadza kwekutanga. Thermal imaging panguva yekuchovha bhasikoro inogona kuratidza kushomeka kwekutonhodza isati yakonzera kukuvara. Predictive algorithms akadzidziswa pane data yezvikepe anogona kuratidza kusanzwisisika uko mainjiniya esaiti aisazoziva sekukosha.
Indasitiri iri kudzidza. 37% yemapurojekiti eUK BESS anopotsa nguva yawo yekutumwa - mamwe nenguva ingangoita gore. ERCOT mapurojekiti avhareji mwedzi mitanhatu kusvika mipfumbamwe yekunonoka. Mwedzi wega wega wakatsvedza unomiririra mari yakarasika uye njodzi yakaunganidzwa.
Izvo chaizvo zvikepe zvinopesana nezvinoburitswa nenhau zvinozivisa
Mharidzo dzemusangano dzinoratidza 1.6 terawatt-awa masisitimu ane exotic cell chemistries uye AI-akagadziridzwa zvidzoro. Kutumirwa chaiko kunotungamirwa necontainerized lithium-ion units uchishandisa cheni dzakasimbiswa uye mapatani ekubatanidza akasimbiswa.
Mutsara unotora makore mashanu. Tekinoroji dzakaratidzwa mumarabhoritari uye mapurojekiti ekutyaira nhasi anogona kusvika pakutumirwa kwekutengesa kunosvika muna 2030, achitora zviyero zvekugadzira, kuderera kwemitengo, uye data rekuvimbika rinounganidzwa. Iyo nguva yakatarwa haitore zvipingamupinyi zvakakura kubva kuzviitiko zvemoto, kukanganiswa kweketani, kana kutadza kwekuita kunogadzirisa kuvimba kweindasitiri.
800G optical modules yakatora makore gumi kubva pakuratidzira kwekutanga kusvika kune zvine musoro mavhoriyamu ekugadzira. Iyo yakafanana pateni inobata kune akawanda akaomarara masystem masisitimu. Kucheka-kutsvagurudza kunofinha kunogadzira mainjiniya inova tekinoroji yakavimbika yezvigadzirwa. Shanduko imwe neimwe inoda kugadzirisa matambudziko akasiyana.
Iyo Battery Energy Storage Systems yaunotumira kota inotevera ingangove yakagadzirwa makore mana apfuura, uchishandisa maseru tekinoroji akakwana makore maviri izvi zvisati zvaitika, akagadzirwa pamitsara yekugadzira yakasimbiswa kunyangwe kare. Sisitimu inotumirwa nevana vako muna 2035 iri kugadzirwa izvozvi, vachishandisa tsvakiridzo yakaburitswa mumakore mashoma apfuura.
Iko hakusi kusava netariro. Ndicho chokwadi chekugadzira. Kuinzwisisa kunobatsira kugadzirisa zvinotarisirwa pamusoro pezviripo chaizvo maringe nezvinogoneka.
Indasitiri iri kukura. Giridhi-masikero ekuisa ari kuwanda. Kudzidza macurves ari kukotamisa mari ichidzika. Asi fizikisi haina kuchinja. Zvinetso zveinjiniya hazvina kupera. The tradeoffs pakati pekuita, mutengo, chengetedzo, uye hupenyu hurefu hunoramba hwakasindimara hwechokwadi.
Yese Battery Energy Storage Systems purojekiti inoshanda zvinobudirira inobatsira pakudzidza kwakaungana. Kukundikana kwega kwega kunopa data inovandudza magadzirirwo emangwana. Iyo tekinoroji inoshanda. Kuita kuti ishande zvakavimbika pachiyero, gore negore, muzviuru zvezvimisikidzo, pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana, ichiramba ichibudirira mune zvehupfumi - ndiro dambudziko reinjiniya rinoenderera mberi risingaenderane zvakanaka mukuburitswa kwenhau.