Ah Zvinorevei Pabhatiri? Amp Hour Ratings

Ndarasa kuverenga kuti kangani mutengi akandifonera achibvunza kuti sei "200Ah bhatiri bhangi" yavo yakapera muto mushure memaawa matatu chete apo masvomhu akati inofanira kugara 8. Mhinduro pfupi? Kuti Ah number iri pa label haireve zvinofungwa nevakawanda.

Ah zvinorevei pabhatiri?Inomirira ampere-awa-chiyero chekuti bhatiri rinochajisa mangani emagetsi. Zvifunge setangi remafuta riri murori. Tangi 100-gallon inokuudza kukwana, asi haikuudzi kuti uchatyaira kusvika papi. Izvo zvinoenderana nemutoro wauri kutakura, nzvimbo, mamiriro ekunze, uye kana injini yako iri mafuta-sipper kana gas-guzzler.

Mabhatiri anoshanda nenzira imwechete. A 100Ah rating zvinoreva kuti bhatiri rinogona kuburitsa zana amps kweawa imwe chete, kana gumi amps kwemaawa gumi, kana 1 amp kwemaawa zana. Asi "nokuti" ari kuita zvakawanda zvinorema kusimudza mumutsara iwoyo.

Hezvino izvo zvinonyanya kukosha kune chero munhu anotenga mabhatiri enzvimbo yekutengesa, maindasitiri backup system, kana utility purojekiti: kunzwisisa musiyano uripo pakati pezvakadhindwa padhetateti uye zvinoonekwa munyika chaiyo. Ita zvisizvo, uye unenge uchibhadharira huwandu hwausingazomboshandisa kana kupuruzira kana backup system yako yabuda pakati-kudzima.

Math iri Nyore. Chokwadi hachisi.

Iyo yakakosha formula haina kukwanisa kuve nyore:

Nguva Yekushandisa=Bhatiri Kukwanisa (Ah) ÷ Kutakura Ikozvino (A)

Une bhatiri re100Ah? Kumhanyisa 10-amp mutoro? Ndiyo maawa gumi enguva yekumhanya. Ndapedza.

Kunze ... kwete chaizvo. Handisati ndamboona bhatiri richiburitsa huwandu hwaro hwakayerwa kunze kwerabhoritari. Heino chikonzero nei iyo fomula inowira pasi mumunda:

Dambudziko reDischarge Rate

Vagadziri vebhatiri vanoedza huwandu pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo-kazhinji inobuda zvishoma nezvishoma, zvinyoro-nyoro kwemaawa makumi maviri (inonzi chiyero cheC/20). Bhatiri rako re100Ah rakawana chiyero ichi nekudhirowa 5 amps kwemaawa makumi maviri zvakananga.

Asi yako backup system haina kudhirowa 5 amps. Inokweva makumi mashanu. Kana kuti 100. Uye paunodhonza ikozvino nekukasira, hapana kwaunosvika pedyo nenzvimbo yakayerwa.

The Temperature Factor

Mabhatiri anovenga kutonhora kwemamiriro ekunze sezvandinoita. Pakutonhora kwechando, unogona kungowana 70-75% yehuwandu hwakayerwa. Pa -20℃? Uri kutarisa pamwe hafu.

Ndakanga ndiine mutengi kuMinnesota uyo aifungidzira yavo yekunze telecom backup zvichienderana nekuita kwezhizha. Kutanga kutonhora, iyo system yakakundikana. Chidzidzo chinodhura.

The Chemistry Gap

Iyi ndiyo hombe, uye ndipo pandinoona kukanganisa kwakanyanya.

A 100Ah lead-asidhi bhatiri uye 100Ah lithium bhatiri hazvisi chinhu chimwe chete. Kwete kana pedyo. Zvakafanana nekuenzanisa 100-gallon tank musedan maringe nesemi rori-nhamba imwe chete, yakasiyana zvachose inogona kushandiswa.

Sei Lead-Acid uye Lithium Ah Ratings Isingagone kuenzaniswa

Kare mukupera kwema1800s, musayendisiti weGermany anonzi Wilhelm Peukert akafunga chimwe chinhu chisingakanganisi: kukurumidza kudhonza bhatiri, simba rakazara raunobuda mariri. Masvomhu ake achiri kutishungurudza nanhasi.

Heino vhezheni inoshanda: Lead{{0}mabhatiri aneasidhi ane kukwirira kwemukati. Paunodhonza heavy current, simba rakawanda rinopera sekupisa mukati mebhatiri pachinzvimbo chekuisa simba mudziyo wako. Peukert exponent inoverengera-lead-mabhatiri eeasidhi aya anowanzosvika 1.2 kusvika 1.6, zvichireva kurasikirwa kukuru kwesimba pakuremerwa.

Lithium mabhatiri? Yavo Peukert exponent yakatenderedza 1.02 kusvika 1.05. Zvinenge zvisina basa. Iwe unowana hunenge hwakazara hwakayerwa huwandu zvisinei nekuoma kwauri kudhonza.

Tsanangudzo yechati: Bhatiri rekutungamirira{{0}asidhi rakaiswa pa100Ah rinounza 55Ah chete kana radzingwa kwemaawa maviri pane 20. Lithium bhatiri rinounza 98Ah pasi pemamiriro akafanana. Same label, zvakasiyana kwazvo kuita.

Asi zvinotowedzera kune acid-asidhi. Iwe zvakare haugone kushandisa huwandu hwakazara pasina kuuraya bhatiri.

Kudzika-kuburitsa mutobvu-asidhi bhatiri nguva nenguva iri pasi pe50% mamiriro echaji, uye uchapfupisa zvinoshamisa hupenyu hwayo. Vagadziri vakawanda vanokurudzira kugara pamusoro pe50%-zvichireva kuti "100Ah" bhatiri rako rinonyatsokupa 50Ah yekukwanisa kushandiswa.

Lithium mabhatiri anobata 80-90% kudzika kwekubuda nguva dzose, mamwe kunyange 100%. Yako 100Ah lithium bhatiri inopa 80-90Ah yehunogona kushandiswa.

Rega ndiise nhamba chaidzo pane izvi:

Same Ah rating. Iyo lithium bhatiri inopa kanenge kaviri simba rinoshandiswa.

Isu tinoona izvi zvichitamba nguva dzose mune telecom uye maindasitiri retrofits. Chirongwa chichangobva kuitika chaisanganisira chiteshi chenharembozha chiri kure changa chichivimba neanorema 400Ah lead{{2}acid bank. Mushandisi akanetsekana nekuti voltage sag yakaramba ichidzikira{{4}voltage cutoff mushure memaawa matatu chete emagetsi ekuchengetedza-pasina kure ne6-awa yavanoda.

Takatsiva bhangi hombe riya ne200Ah 48V LiFePO4 rack modules-pahunyanzvi hafu yeakayerwa "nameplate" kugona. Zvakaguma nei? Iyo itsva sisitimu yakapa kwemaawa mashanu enguva yakagadzikana yekumhanya nekuti haina kutambura nekurasikirwa kwePeukert pasi pemutoro unorema wesaiti. Mutengi akawana zvinodarika 60% zvenguva chaiyo-pasi rese kubva kune inorema ne60%. Ndiwo musiyano uripokunzwisisa kuti Ah zvinorevei pabhatirimudzidziso maringe nezvainopa mukuita.

Zvinorehwa neAya C-Ratings paSpec Sheets Chaizvoizvo

Paunenge uchichera muzvinyorwa zvebhatiri, uchaona huwandu hwakanyorwa pane akasiyana "C-mitengo." Uku hakusi kushambadzira-kuri kukuudza chaizvo kuti mugadziri akaedza nhamba iyoyo.

C/20 zvinoreva kuti bhatiri rakadzingwa kwemaawa makumi maviri. C/10 zvinoreva maawa gumi. C/5 zvinoreva maawa mashanu.

Kubata: vagadziri vakasiyana vanoshandisa C-mitengo yakasiyana yezvinyorwa zvemusoro wavo. Mamwe mabheji emari anoedza paC/100 (kubuda kwemaawa zana) kuwedzera nhamba dzavo dzeAh. Iyo 100Ah bhatiri yakaedzwa paC/100? Inogona kungounza 70Ah pachiyero cheC/20 chinoshandiswa nevagadziri vepremium.

Usati waenzanisa mabhatiri maviri, tarisa C-reti. Kana vakasiyana, kuenzanisa hakuna zvakunoreva.

Kuongorora utano nekukasika: kana bhatiri richitaridzika kuva rechokwadi pamutengo{{0}pa-Ah, tarisa kuti C-reti ipi yavari kushandisa. Iwe kazhinji unowana bhatiri re "bargain" rakaedzwa pasi pemamiriro asina kufanana nekushandisa kwako chaiko.

Ah vs. Wh vs. kWh: Kuwana maUnitsi Ako Akarurama

Izvi zvinokurudzira vanhu nguva dzose. Rega ndigadzirise.

Ah (ampere-maawa)inokuudza huwandu hwechaji-yakawanda sei panguva.

Wh (watt-maawa)inokuudza simba-chaiyo inoshandisika simba rekushandisa voltage.

Shanduko:Simba (Wh)=Kukwanisa (Ah) × Voltage (V)

A 12V, 100Ah bhatiri zvitoro 1,200Wh. A 48V, 100Ah bhatiri zvitoro 4,800Wh.

Kakapetwa kana simba remagetsi, simba rakapetwa kana-kunyangwe zvese zvichiti "100Ah" pachikwangwani.

Paunenge uchienzanisa makotesheni kubva kune vakasiyana vatengesi, gara uchishandura kuWh kana kWh. Ndakaona zvikwata zvekutenga netsaona zvakaraira isiriyo system nekuti ivo vakaenzanisa nhamba dzeAh pamapuratifomu akasiyana emagetsi.

Chirevo chekukurumidza chezvirongwa zvakajairika:

Zvishandiso Chaiye: Kufananidza Ah kune Zvako Zvaunoda

Enough theory. Ngatitaure pamusoro pekuti ndechipi chinzvimbo chaunoda chaizvo kune zvakajairika zvekutengesa uye maindasitiri maapplication.

Backup Simba reMitoro Yakakosha

Iyo saizi process inotanga nekuremerwa kwako kuongorora. Chii chinofanira kuramba chichimhanya panguva yekudzima, uye kwenguva yakareba sei?

Heano maitiro andinoita vatengi mazviri:

Danho 1: Nyora mutoro wega wega wakakosha uye dhirowa yazvino

Emergency lighting: 5A

Chengetedzo masisitimu: 3A

Network/IT midziyo: 15A

HVAC inodzora: 8A

Zvose: 31A

Danho 2: Sarudza inodiwa nguva yekumhanya

Chinodiwa chinodikanwa: Maawa mana kusvika jenareta rave mukati kana grid radzoka

Danho rechitatu: Verenga base kugona

31A × 4 maawa=124Ah zvishoma

Danho rechina: Shandisa-zvinhu chaizvo zvenyika

Kana uchishandisa lead{{0}asidhi pa50% DoD: 124 ÷ 0.50=248Ah

Kana ukashandisa LiFePO4 pa80% DoD: 124 ÷ 0.80=155Ah

Wedzera 15% yekuchembera margin: 285Ah (lead-asidhi) kana 178Ah (lithium)

Nhanho 5: Kutenderera kune hukuru huripo

Lead{{0}asidhi: 300Ah system

LiFePO4: 200Ah system

Same application. Iyo lithium system idiki, yakareruka, uye kazhinji yakachipa pamusoro pehupenyu hwayo kunyangwe mutengo wepamberi wepamusoro.

Peak Kuveura uye Dema Charge Kuderedzwa

Yakasiyana kuverenga zvachose. Pano iwe uri saizi zvichibva pane yekuda spike iwe yaunoda kuveura uye nguva yeako peak yekuda hwindo.

Kana nzvimbo yako ikarova 500kW yepamusoro pahwindo remaawa maviri masikati, uye iwe uchida kuveura 200kW kubva panhongonya iyoyo:

Simba rinodiwa: 200kW × maawa maviri=400kWh

Ye400V system: 400,000Wh ÷ 400V=1,000Ah

Asi iwe zvakare unofanirwa kuzvidavirira kune inverter kunyatsoshanda (~ 95%) uye kudzika kwemiganhu yekuburitsa. Chaiyo-kuyera kwepasi rose kungava 1,200-1,300Ah pa400V.

Kukura kwekuveura ndebvu kunoda kutarisisa kupfuura mwero wakareruka weAh kusvika pakakwirira{{0}C-mwero wekuita. Nguva pfupi yadarika takaisa 215kWh liquid-yakatonhodzwa C&I cabinet panzvimbo yekugadzira iri kubhadhariswa mari yakawanda. Vaifanira kuburitsa nekukasira kudzikamisa simba remaminetsi gumi nemashanu masikati ega ega.

Bhatiri re "energy-sero" rinodai rakanyanya kupisa kana kunyura muvoltage pasi pekunyanya ikoko. Nekuyera sisitimu ine-masero anoshanda epamusoro anokwanisa kuburitsa 1C, takabatsira dhizaini kudzikisa mari dzavanoda neinosvika $2,800 pamwedzi. Sisitimu iyi yakazvibhadharira mukati memakore anopfuura 3.5-kwete nekuti yaive nechiyero chepamusoro cheAh pabepa, asi nekuti yaikwanisa kuendesa simba iroro kana grid ichidiwa zvakanyanya.

Solar + Storage Systems

Kana uchibatanidza mabhatiri nesolar, unenge uchienzanisa zvinhu zviviri: kuchengeta chizvarwa chemasikati chakakwana kuti chivhare zvinhu zvemanheru, uye kuva nesimba rakakwana-kusimba kwezuva.

Yemazuva ese yekutengeserana solar-pamwe-sisitimu yekuchengetera inogona kukura bhatiri kubhangi nemaawa 2-4 ekuremerwa kweavhareji. Kana nzvimbo yako ichiita 50kW avhareji panguva dzemanheru uye iwe uchida maawa matatu ekuchengetedza:

50kW × maawa matatu=150kWh

Apa ndipoPolinovel yekunze kabati BESS mhindurokazhinji anokwana-akagadzirirwa chaizvo rudzi urwu rwekubatanidza solar, nehunyanzvi kubva pa120kWh kusvika ingangoita 1MWh mumagadzirirwo emodular.

Red Flags Pakuongororwa Battery Suppliers

Mushure memakore muindastiri ino, ndakagadzira yakavimbika BS detector yemabhatiri specs. Hezvino zvekutarisa:

Kugona kwakaedzwa nemitengo isingaite C-

Kana iyo yemusoro Ah nhamba yakaedzwa paC/100 asi application yako ichibuda paC/5, iyo spec haina basa kwauri. Bvunza huwandu hwedata pachiyero chako chaicho chinotarisirwa kubuda.

Kushaikwa kwetembiricha yakatarwa

Wese mugadziri ari pamutemo anoburitsa hunyanzvi hwekudzikira tembiricha. Kana vakangokupa nhamba imwe chete isina tembiricha mamiriro, vari kuvanza chimwe chinhu.

Hupenyu hwekutenderera hunoti pasina DoD mamiriro

"10,000 cycles" inonzwika zvakanaka kudzamara waverenga zvakadhindwa zvakanaka uye waona kuti pakadzika makumi mashanu muzana ekubuda. Pa80% DoD, bhatiri rimwe chete rinogona kungogara mazana mana emazana. Gara uchibvunza: kutenderera pane chii DoD?

Hapana data yePeukert yelead-asidhi

Kana mugadziri{{0}asidhi anogadzira bhatiri akasakuudza exponent yePeukert kana kukupa macurves ekureba akasiyana, ibvapo. Vanoziva kuti nhamba dzavo dzakaipa.

"Equivalent Ah" ratings

Vamwe vagadziri-kunyanya munzvimbo yelithium-vanoshandisa zviyero zve "yakaenzana Ah" inoenzanisa bhatiri ravo nelead-asidhi. Bhatiri rakanyorwa kuti "100Ah yakaenzana" rinogona kunge riri 50Ah. Hakusi kunyepa kwehunyanzvi, asi kwakagadzirirwa kukuvhiringa.

Mune yedu engineering lab, isu tinonyatso simbisa yese cell batch isati yapinda module. Isu tinoramba tichiramba maseru e "bargain" anoti ma ratings akakwira Ah asi achitadza pasi pemutoro. Semuenzaniso, nguva pfupi yadarika takaedza sero kubva kumutengesi wekunze rakaita zvakanaka pa1 amp (C/100) asi rikaita 65Ah patakadhonza 50 amps (0.5C)-mutoro wemuchina wemaindasitiri.

Ndosaka yedu dheti mitemo yakasimba: isu tinoyera yeduzvekutengesa BESS masimbazvichibva pakushanda kwechokwadi, kwete zvinoyerera zvishoma. Kana mutengesi akasakuratidza yekuburitsa curve pa 0.5C kana 1C, vari kuvanza kuita kwechokwadi kwebhatiri ravo.

Saizi yeGridhi-Chikero uye MuContainerized BESS

Zvekushandisa-zvikero zvemapurojekiti, hatisisiri kutaura nezvezviyereso zveAh zvega zvega{1}tiri kutaura pamusoro pehuwandu hweMWh hwakaunganidzwa hwakavakwa kubva kuzviuru zvemasero.

Asikunzwisisa kuti Ah zvinorevei pabhatiripadanho resero richine basa, nekuti rinokubatsira kuongorora dhizaini yedhizaini uye kubata zvikanganiso.

Heano mashandiro anoita math kune yakajairwa midziyo system:

Yakajairika sero fomati ndeye 280Ah LiFePO4 prismatic cell pa 3.2V zita.

Simba pasero: 280Ah × 3.2V=896Wh ≈ 0.9kWh

Pamudziyo we5MWh: 5,000kWh ÷ 0.9kWh=~5,556 masero anodiwa

Aya maseru akarongwa mumutsara tambo (kuvaka voltage) uye tambo dzakafanana (kuvaka kugona). Chimiro chechimiro chinogona kuva:

16 maseru muzvikamu=51.2V module

Mamodule akawanda munhevedzano=400-800V rack

Raka dzakawanda dzakafanana=dzinonangwa huwandu hweMWh

Paunenge uchiongorora makotesheni eBESS akaiswa mumidziyo, simbisa:

Sero-mwero weAh uye mugadziri

Series/parallel configuration

Yese yakaverengerwa simba rinoenderana neunokwanisa

Kufamba zvakanaka-kutenderera (kazhinji 85-92%)

Yekuwedzera simba rekushandisa (kutonhora, BMS) iyo inoderedza net usable kugona

Polinovel's containerized BESS systemskubva pa3.85MWh kusvika pa5MWh+ pamudziyo wega wega, vachishandisa LiFePO4 maseru kunyanya kuhupenyu hwavo hwepamusoro uye kugadzikana kwemafuta munzvimbo dzakakwirira-kuiswa density.

Iyo Yepasi Mutsetse paBattery Ah Ratings

Tarisa,zvinorevei Ah pabhatirihaina kuoma mudzidziso. Chiyero chekuchaja huwandu. Wanza nevoltige kuti uwane simba. Igovane nekutakura ikozvino kuti ufungidzire nguva yekumhanya.

Kuoma uku kunobva kune zvese chaizvo-zvinhu zvepasi rose zvinokanganisa simba refungidziro: chiyero chekubuda, kudzikira kwetembiricha, kudzika{{1}kwe{2}}kwemiganhu yekuburitsa, uye kusiyana kwekemikari.

Vatengi vandinoshanda navo vanodzivirira kukanganisa kunodhura ndeavo:

Gara uchishandura kune inogona kushandiswa kWh, kwete nameplate Ah

Wona kuti C-chiyero chinoshandiswa pakuyedza kugona

Isa tembiricha uye kuchembera kuchembera kune yavo chaiyo nharaunda

Saizi yemabhenefiti chaiwo e lithium pane kubata ese Ah zvakaenzana

Bvunza vatengesi nezve data pamamiriro avo chaiwo ekushanda, kwete lab mamiriro

Ita izvo zvinhu zvishanu, uye iwe unozotaura masisitimu anoita sezvaitarisirwa.

Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa

References

Peukert, W. (1897). "Über die Abhängigkeit der Kapazität von der Entladestromstärke bei Bleiakkumulatoren." Elektrotechnische Zeitschrift.

Battery University. "BU-503: Maitiro ekuverenga Battery Runtime." batteryuniversity.com

IEEE 1188-2005. "IEEE Inokurudzirwa Kudzidzira Kwekuchengetedza, Kuedza, uye Kutsiviwa kweVRLA Mabhatiri eStationary Application."

IEC 61427-1:2013. "Secondary masero uye mabhatiri ekugadziriswa kwesimba rekuchengetedza-General zvinodiwa uye nzira dzekuedza."